資源簡介
(共36張PPT)
強調句
the Emphatic Pattern
高考句法
目錄
01
02
03
What is the Emphatic Pattern
related concept
How to solve problems
Content
01
What is the Emphatic Pattern
什么是強調句：
It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
強調，是一種基本語法，也是一種修辭方式。人們在日常交流中，有時為了加強語氣或突出重要內容或增加感彩，就會用到強調。英語中表強調的方式以強調句型為主，也包括其他的一些強調結構。英語中有時為了需要，經常要強調句子中的某一成分，要用到一些強調句型。
02
related concept
強調句的基本結構：
It is/was + 被強調部分(主語、賓語或狀語等) + that/who（當強調主語且主語指人）+句子的其余部分
知識點：連接詞
一般說來，如果被強調部分是人時，用連詞that或who；被強調的部分是賓語，指人時也可以用whom；如果被強調部分是物，只能用連詞that。
如：It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night.
It is Mary whom/who he often helps.
It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
強調句的基本結構：
It +is/was+被強調部分+that/who+從句
注意：
被強調部分: 主語/賓語/狀語；
引導詞：被強調部分指人/物用that，指人用who。
例句：
原句: I finished my homework last night .
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
強調句：
強調主語： .
強調賓語： .
強調狀語: .
It was me that/who finished my homework last night
It was my homework that was finished by me last night
It was last night that I finished my homework
主語
謂語
賓語
時間狀語
【學以致用】
Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
(強調主語)
It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
(強調賓語)
It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday.
(強調時間狀語)
It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.
(強調地點狀語)
It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday.
not...until 的強調句：
強調含有not until的句子時，not 位于until從句前，主句謂語動詞作相應變化，即it is(was)+not until從句+that +其它。
如：普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
強調句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.
It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my brother came home.
not...until 的強調句：
He didn't go to bed until his father came back.
It was not until his father came back that he went to bed.
句型為: It is/was not until+被強調部分+that+ 其他部分
不可分開
注意：not until 不可分開；由于not已經前移，that 后的部分只能用肯定形式
He didn't realize his mistakes until he graduated from high school.
It was not until he graduated from high school that he realized his mistakes.
強調句的疑問句：
強調一般疑問句中的某一成分時，要在主句中用一般疑問句的順序。
Was/ Is it + 被強調部分 + that/ who
Was it you that/who broke the window
強調特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，其結構模式是：“疑問詞+ is/was + it +that...”。它同感嘆句的強調模式極其相似，首先將疑問句開頭的部分作為強調部分，套入強調結構，然后再將其變為疑問句。
Where were you born → Where was it that you were born
What did you want to see → What was it that y ou wanted to see
How many people are being trained for the important work →
How many people is it that are being trained for the important work
感嘆句的強調結構：
既要體現強調句型的形式特征，又要體現感嘆句的自然語序。
How happy he looks! → How happy it is that he looks!
What a clever boy he is! → What a clever boy it is that he is!
強調句中的主謂一致：
被強調的成分為原句的主語時，that/who之后的謂語動詞應與被強調的名詞或代詞在人稱和數方面保持一致關系，從而選用恰當的動詞形式。
如：It is you who/that are wrong.
It is I who/that am answering the question.
強調句中的主謂一致：
It is/ was not…but…that… 不是……而是……
that后的動詞與but后的名詞或代詞保持一致
It is/ was…rather than…that… 是……而不是
that后的動詞與rather than前面的名詞或代詞保持一致
eg. It was not luck but difficulties that make him success.
eg. Personally,I think it is the sales manager ,rather than the sales girls, who is to blame.
強調句中的主謂一致：
注意1：但是如果被強調的部分是人稱代詞，按理應用人稱代詞主格形式，但在口語或非正式文體中也可以用其賓格形式，此時that/who的謂語動詞要用單數第三人稱形式is或was。
如：It is me/I who is being asked the favor.
注意2：在It is/was..., not...that...句型中，其謂語動詞應與肯定部分的詞保持一致關系。
如：It is my brother, not I that studies in that school.
It is you, not your sister that are in charge o f the company.
強調句與主語從句的區別：
It is / was + 形容詞 / 分詞 / + that從句，是主語從句，若刪去It is / was...that...，則原句不成立，It 為形式主語，真正主語為that后跟部分；
強調句型若刪去“It is / was...that / who...”，原句結構與語意均完整，譯成中文時，?？杉由稀罢恰薄熬褪恰敝愖盅邸?/p>
強調句與主語從句的區別：
It is / was + 形容詞 / 分詞 / + that從句，是主語從句，若刪去It is / was...that...，則原句不成立，It 為形式主語，真正主語為that后跟部分；
強調句型若刪去“It is / was...that / who...”，原句結構與語意均完整，譯成中文時，常可加上“正是……”“就是……”之類字眼。
It is true that he is honest.
(主語從句) 他真的很誠實。
It is known to all that China is a country with a long history.
(主語從句)眾所周知，中國是一個歷史悠久的國家。
It was here that he fell off his bicycle.
(強調句)這正是他從自行車上摔下來的地方。
強調句型與狀語從句的區別：
It was at 7:00 that I arrived.
It was 7:00 when I arrived.
It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing
It is(has been) two years since I began to learn drawing
It was two years before they came to see us.
It was two years later that they came to see us.
It won’t be long before we graduate from the school.
It will be two years before we graduate from this university.
強調句型與狀語從句的區別：
It was at 7:00 that I arrived.
(強調句型，強調時間狀語at 7:00) 正是在7:00時，我到了。
It was 7:00 when I arrived.
(時間狀語從句，在7:00前無介詞at) 當我到達時， 時間是7:00。
It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing.
(強調句型，前后時態一致) 正是在兩年前我開始學習繪畫。
It is(has been) two years since I began to learn drawing.
(since引導的時間狀語從句，前后時態不一致) 自從我學習繪畫以來已經有兩年了。
強調句型與狀語從句的區別：
It was two years before they came to see us.
(時間狀語從句) 過了兩年后他們才來看我們。
It was two years later that they came to see us.
(強調句型) 正是兩年后他們才來看我們的。
It won’t be long before we graduate from the school.
(時間狀語從句) 不久我就將畢業了。
It will be two years before we graduate from this university.
(時間狀語從句) 再過兩年我們就將大學畢業了。
【學以致用】
It was at 11 o’clock ________ he came back.
It was 11 o’clock ________ he came back.
It was on the farm ________ we practised planting crops.
It was the farm ________ we learn a lot.
強調時間或地點時，有介詞于其前，則連接詞用that，無介詞，則連接詞用when（時間）或where（地點）
that
that
where
when
【學以致用】
It was yesterday ________ we chatted a lot online.
It was there ________ Mike was drowned yesterday.
【特殊情況】有些表時間、地點的詞匯或短語，本身不需要在其前面加介詞，連接詞只能用that
that
that
【特別提醒】
①it is/was 與其余部分的時態一致，is/was 的數不受被強調部分單復數的影響，只有 is/was 的形式；
②被強調部分，作主語的代詞用主格，作賓語的代詞用賓格
He helped me yesterday.
eg. It was he that helped me yesterday.
eg. It was me that he helped yesterday.
③如果被強調的成分有同位語，同位語也要提前
【補充】
用“do/does/did+動詞原形”進行強調
這種強調句型只有一般現在時和一般過去時兩種,只對肯定的謂語動詞進行強調，沒有疑問和否定形式。Do 在句中要重讀，根據時態提煉出 do 的各種形式, 被提煉的動詞變成動詞原形。
*Do be careful next time, please. 下次請務必小心。
*She did tell me about her address, but I forget all about it. 她確實告訴過我她的地址,但我全忘了。(本來是 told,強調動詞,我們提煉出 did,然后用 tell 的原形。)
*She does come from a European country.她的確來自歐洲某個國家。(本來是 comes, 應為強調動詞，我們提煉出 does, 然后用 come 的原形。)
【補充】
用詞或詞組very, only, well, a lot, on earth等來表示強調。
e.g. That’s the very book we read last year.
Tom is the only person here that can speak English and Chinese.
What on earth do you want to say
反復使用同一個詞來表示強調。
e.g. I will never, never forget you.
He thought and thought, and suddenly he got a good idea.
用倒裝句來表示強調。
e.g. That she is a good girl I know.
This the students can undersatand.
【補充】
用感嘆句來表示強調。
eg. How interesting the book it is!
What a beautiful dress it is!
用雙重否定來表示強調。
eg. Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks.
用比較狀語從句來表示強調。
eg. Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past.
03
How to solve problems
It was midnight _____ he came back.
It was at midnight ____ he came back.
It is in the classroom _____ we will have the test.
It is the classroom _______ we will have the test.
It was not until 1920 ________ regular radio broadcasts began.
It is through years of research______ scientists have discovered the relationship between social media addiction and depression.
演練提升
when
that
that
where
that
that
________write to me when you get there．
A.Do B. Does C. Did D. Done
A
It is _____I was late for school again this morning that my teacher is angry now.
A as B because C since D due to
B
It was _____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. we being late B. our being late C. we were too late D. because we were late
B
Fanny asked ________ made that odd looking little cat so popular.
A. what was it that B. what was that C. what it was that D. what that was
C
演練提升
Is it _____ who wants to see you
A. him B. he C. his D. himself
B
—What is Mary
—Was it ____that you were referred to
A. he B. she C. her D. they
C
Our classroom is very clean. Do you know who__cleaned it﹖
A. was it that B. it was that
C. was it who D. he was
B
演練提升
It was the training _____ he had as a young man _____ made him such a good engineer.
A. what; that B. that; what C. that; which D. which; that
D
_____ you met the foreigner from Canada
A. Where it was that B. Who it was that
C. Where was it that D. Where was that
C
It was not until 1920 ________ regular radio broadcasts began.
A. while B. which C. that D. since
C
演練提升
It is through years of research______ scientists have discovered the relationship between social media addiction and depression.
A. since B. before C. that D. when
C
—Tom has grown taller than before recently.
—________, and ________.
A. So he has, so have you B. So he has, so you have
C. So has he, so have you D. So has he, so you have
A
It was_____ he said _____disappointed me.
A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what
A
演練提升
It was in the city _______ all the novelists held a meeting yesterday.
that
It was yesterday _______ all the novelists held a meeting in the city.
that
It was at the corner _______ Konan came across the incident.
that
It was the corner _______ Konan came across the incident.
where
It was honesty and kindness _______ brought them together.
that
It is your kindness _______ warms us up.
that
演練提升
It is our small action _______ makes a difference.
that
It is you _______ carried me through the hardship.
that
It is him _______ you will meet tomorrow.
that
演練提升
It is on this arable land _______ the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.
that
It was from the early 1990s _______ scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.
that
It is high technology as well as traditional methods _______ future agriculture should depend on.
that
演練提升
Practice makes perfect !
That’s all .
Thank you !
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