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基本句型(S+V)主謂
bellwasringing.
句子成分主要有四種:主語S、謂語動詞V、
補(bǔ)語(主語補(bǔ)語Cs,賓語補(bǔ)語Co)和賓語Wedon’ttrusthimbecauseheoftenlies.
(直接賓語Od,間接賓語Oi)。
●Pattern1(S+V)Youmakeapromiseonlywhenyou
,“V”是不及物動詞,后面無knowyoucankeepit
賓語,如:
(S+V+Cs)主謂補(bǔ)
Myrightarmhurts.
但通常有后續(xù)成分或稱狀語(A),即
S+V+A,如:●Pattern2(S+V+Cs)
Shelivedhappily.
.此句型的是連系動詞,
“V”“Cs”
是主語補(bǔ)語,或稱表語。充當(dāng)主語補(bǔ)語的有
,主語或謂語或某一部分名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短
可省略,如:語、動詞V-ing形式或V-ed形式、不定
(I)Hopetoseeyouagainsoon.(省略主語)式及名詞性從句等,如:
Whocalled?Jane(did).(省略謂語)
MyfirstnameisBill.
(S+V+O)主謂賓
Lifeiscolorful.
●Pattern3(S+V+O)
Seeingisbelieving.
1.“V”是及物動詞,后面需跟一個賓
語,可充當(dāng)賓語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不Ourbeliefisthatthingswillimprove.
定式、V-ing結(jié)構(gòu)及名詞性從句等,如:
:
Iunderstandtheprogram.
“判斷”:be;
Sheaskedtoseethemanager.
“變得”、“成為”:become,come,
,fall,get,grow,prove,turn等;
“保持著某一狀態(tài)”:hold,keep,
lie,remain,rest,sit,stay等;
,意義才
完整(即S+V+O+A),如:“看起來”、“好像”:appear,look,
seem等;
Weacceptedtheiradviceinbuyinganew
“實(shí)感”:feel,sound,taste,smell
等
.→Fatherboughtabikeforhim.
Springcomesandalltreesturngreen.
Heaskedmeaquestion.
Hestayedawakeallnight.
→Heaskedaquestionofme.
Youdon’tlookhappy,what'sthematter?
主謂間賓補(bǔ)
Theirplansoundswonderful.
(S+V+Oi+Od)主謂直●Pattern5(S+V+Od+Co)
賓間賓該句型中,謂語動詞雖有賓語,但句子
意義仍不完整,需加補(bǔ)語“Co”補(bǔ)足其意
●Pattern4(S+V+Oi+Od)義。充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、
介詞短語、不定式短語及分詞等,如:
“V”稱為雙賓及物動詞,
其后需跟間接賓語“Oi”(通常指人)和直Wecallhimafool.
接賓語“Od”(通常指物或事)。
Wefoundthehouseempty.
,常
Ourneighborsbuilttheirwallhigh.
見的有allow,assign,award,bring,buy,cause,
choose,fetch,find,get,give,grant,hand,
Webelieveyoutobeanhonestman.
leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,post,
promise,read,recommend,refuse,render,Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.
return,sell,send,show,sing,take,telephone,
touch,tell,throw,wish,write等,如:常用的這類動詞有:
,believe,call,catch,choose,
consider,declare,elect,fancy,feel,find,hear,
I’,judge,keep,know,leave,make,
name,need,prefer,prove,see,select,suppose,
think,vote等。
后,但要加相應(yīng)的介詞如“to”,“for”,“of”
等,試比較:NounClause(名詞從句)
、賓語、表語和同位
語等從句。它們可以由下列連詞引導(dǎo):從屬
pletoherdaughter.
→Bettygaveanap連詞that,whether,if;連接代詞who(ever),
whom,whose,what(ever),which(ever);連接
Fatherboughthimabike.
副詞when,where,why,how,howmuch/
many/long/often等。